Mydriacyl eye drops (tropicamide)
Mydriacyl eye drops contain the active ingredient tropicamide, which is a type of medicine called an anticholinergic (or antimuscarinic). It is used to aid eye examinations.
How does it work?
Tropicamide blocks muscarinic receptors in the muscles of the eye. These receptors are involved controlling the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens. By blocking these receptors, tropicamide causes the pupil to dilate (mydriasis), which it makes it easier to examine structures inside the eyeball, such as the retina, optic disc, macula and fovea. This is called fundoscopy.
Tropicamide also temporarily paralyses the muscles that help the eye focus (cycloplegia), which is used to aid tests on vision (cycloplegic refraction).
One or two drops will be put into the eyes 15 to 20 minutes before the eye exam. The effect of these eye drops lasts for about four to six hours.
Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
- Temporary stinging in the eye.
- Temporary sensitivity of the eyes to light due to the dilated pupil.
- Blurred vision.
- Raised pressure inside the eyeball.
- If the drops are used for a prolonged time this can cause eye irritation, redness, swelling or conjunctivitis.
- Dry mouth.
- Dry skin.
- Flushing.
- Difficulty passing urine.
- Constipation.
- Irregular heartbeat and awareness of your heartbeat.
- Vomiting.
- Dizziness.
- Rash in children.
- Enlarged abdomen in infants.
Behaviour changes and severe effects on the heart and/or breathing that require urgent medical attention may also occur in children.
The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer. For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.
How can this medicine affect other medicines?
You should always tell your doctor, optometrist or pharmacist what medicines you are already using, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before these eye drops are used, so they can make sure that the combination is safe.
Eye drops can be absorbed into the bloodstream from the eye and once in the bloodstream they have the potential to interact with other medicines. You can minimise the absorption into the bloodstream by pressing on the tear duct (the corner of the eye closest to the nose) for about a minute after the drops are put in.
Many groups of medicines have anticholinergic effects. If this medicine is used in people taking any of these, there may be an increased likelihood of anticholinergic side effects, such as blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation and difficulty passing urine. Other medicines with anticholinergic effects include the following:
- amantadine
- antihistamines, eg brompheniramine, chlorphenamine
- antispasmodics, eg hyoscine
- antipsychotics, eg chlorpromazine, clozapine
- certain antisickness medicines, eg promethazine, prochlorperazine, meclozine, cyclizine
- certain medicines for abnormal heartbeats (antiarrhythmics), eg disopyramide, propafenone
- MAOI antidepressants, eg phenelzine
- medicines for urinary incontinence, eg oxybutynin, flavoxate, tolterodine, propiverine, trospium
- memantine
- muscle relaxants, eg baclofen
- nefopam
- other anticholinergics, eg trihexyphenidyl, orphenadrine
- tricyclic or related antidepressants, eg amitriptyline, maprotiline.
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